As artificial intelligence and machine learning continue to innovate and become adopted across various types of industries, the demand for AI talent and engineers is growing. Adopting new technologies keeps companies competitive, helps increase revenue, and improves business operations, but employers need to ensure they have employees with the skills to keep up.
Software is quickly being taken over by machine learning, and the demand for skilled engineers is on the rise. Deep learning engineering requires production-grade coding, PhD-level machine learning, and product management business acumen. Data analysts are responsible for analyzing data to tell a story and provide actionable insights that will be used by humans. ML engineers are responsible for producing a working software that runs autonomously with minimal human intervention. Data scientists use software engineering skills to gather, clean, and organize data for analysis as well as machine learning to gain insights.
What is Machine Learning?
Within the field of artificial intelligence is the application of machine learning in which computer programs use algorithms to detect patterns in data. Machine learning algorithms are driving nearly all artificial intelligence technologies, innovations, and applications in the market. AI systems have the capability of planning, learning, problem-solving, perceiving, moving, manipulating, and in some applications, evolutionary computation and expert systems.
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ML is based on algorithms that can be divided into four main categorizations. Supervised machine learning algorithms use structured training data to learn how to perform functions and make predictions. Unsupervised learning algorithms use unstructured training data to draw inferences and learn independently. Semi-supervised learning algorithms fall between supervised and unsupervised learning and rely on a combination of structured and unstructured training data to improve the level of accuracy of learning. Reinforcement learning algorithms rely on interaction with the environment to produce actions, detect errors, and earn rewards.
There are countless applications of deep learning in key areas that are essential to daily life, such as in education, search engines, digital marketing, and healthcare. The more that machine learning software is becoming available, the more it’s changing how business is conducted, how data is governed, and how new technology is developed.
There are several computer science fundamentals that ML engineers need to master. Data structures, algorithms, computability and complexity, and computer architecture are all essential skills.
Probability and Statistics
Many algorithms are based on a formal characterization of probability and techniques derived from it. The various measures of statistics, such as mean, median, and variance, distributions, and analysis methods are essential for building and validating ML algorithm models from observed data.
Data Modeling and Evaluation
The process of data modeling involves determining the structure of a dataset by detecting patterns and insights as well as making predictions about unseen events, such as regression or anomaly detection. Data modeling requires constant evaluation with a high level of accuracy and minimal error and an evaluation strategy. Iterative learning algorithms are prone to using errors to tweak models, making it essential for a machine learning engineer to understand how to apply measures to standard algorithms.
Applying Machine Learning Algorithm and Libraries
Standard implementations of machine learning algorithms are common through libraries/APIs, but it requires skill to choose a suitable model that effectively applies algorithms. Applying machine learning algorithms also requires a learning procedure that fits the data, such as linear regression or genetic algorithms, and an understanding of how hyperparameters affect learning. Every machine learning model comes with advantages and disadvantages and tricks that can trip you up.
Machine Learning In Action
A great example of ML in everyday applications is the use of apps to look up public transportation, local tourist attractions, and the best things to do. Say you search “sightseeing San Francisco” and come back with a list of the best places to experience, such as the Golden Gate Bridge, Golden Gate Park, Fisherman’s Wharf, Chinatown, Mission District, and Twin Peaks.
WingTunes highlights the best things to do outside of downtown San Francisco for those willing to take a day trip an hour outside the Bay Area. Marin County is full of fine hiking trails among redwoods in Muir Woods, beautiful vistas of the Pacific Ocean coastline, wine tastings at local wineries that can compete with Napa Valley, and a vibrant culinary scene. Sometimes the best attractions are those you least expect, and thanks to better search result capabilities, finding hidden gems is easy.
Becoming an ML engineer requires computer science fundamentals and programming, probability and statistics, data modeling and evaluation, and the accurate application of algorithms and libraries.
